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Turkmenistan is one of the least – explored countries in Central Asia, yet it is rich in history, culture, and breathtaking landscapes. The country is home to ancient Silk Road cities, vast deserts, and modern architectural wonders. If you love adventure and history, there are many places to visit in Turkmenistan. From the burning Darvaza Gas Crater to the ancient ruins of Merv, each site tells a fascinating story. Whether you seek natural wonders or historical landmarks, Turkmenistan offers a truly unique travel experience.
14 Stunning Places To Visit In Turkmenistan
Here are the top 14 places to visit in Turkmenistan that you should not miss for a culturally rich and beautiful excursion:
1. Darvaza Gas Crater
Photo: Ybrayym Esenov / Unsplash
Located in the vast Karakum Desert, the Darvaza Gas Crater is one of the most surreal tourist attractions in Turkmenistan. This massive crater, about 70 meters wide, has been burning continuously since 1971. Soviet geologists accidentally created it while drilling for natural gas. To prevent the spread of methane, they ignited the gas, expecting the fire to burn out in a few weeks. However, over 50 years later, the flames still glow. The best time to visit is at night when the fiery pit lights up the dark desert sky.
Location: Karakum Desert, Turkmenistan
Major Attraction: The glowing flames of the crater
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2. Independence Park And Monument
Photo: Michael Karavanov / wikimedia commons
Independence Park in Ashgabat is a symbol of Turkmenistan’s sovereignty. The park features lush gardens, fountains, and statues of historical figures. At its center stands the impressive 118-meter-high Independence Monument. This represents the unity of the five major Turkmen tribes. The monument is topped with a golden crescent and five stars. Inside, visitors can explore a museum that showcases the country’s journey to independence. It is a must-visit for those wanting to understand the nation’s identity and pride.
Location: Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Major Attraction: The 118 meter Independence Monument
3. Altyn Asyr Bazaar
Photo: Hans Birger Nilsen / wikimedia commons
Altyn Asyr Bazaar is the largest market in Turkmenistan and a vibrant cultural hub. It is designed in the shape of a traditional Turkmen carpet, covering a massive area. The bazaar offers everything from handwoven carpets and silk textiles to livestock, spices, and local delicacies. It is a great place to experience the daily life of locals and purchase unique souvenirs. If you are looking for places to visit in Turkmenistan to experience its culture, this lively market should be on your list.
Location: Near Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Major Attraction: Handwoven carpets and authentic Turkmen goods
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4. Parthian Fortresses Of Nisa
Photo: Hans Birger Nilsen / wikimedia commons
Nisa was once the capital of the Parthian Empire, one of the most powerful civilizations of the ancient world. The site contains ruins of fortresses, palaces, temples, and tombs that date back over 2,000 years. Archaeologists believe it was a royal residence and an important trade center. Today, visitors can walk through its well-preserved walls and admire the remnants of an empire that once connected the East and West. It remains one of the most significant Turkmenistan tourist places for history lovers.
Location: 18 km west of Ashgabat
Major Attraction: Ancient ruins of the Parthian Empire
5. Turkmenistan National Museum Of History
Photo: Hans Birger Nilsen / wikimedia commons
This museum in Ashgabat houses an impressive collection of artifacts, showcasing the country’s history from ancient to modern times. The exhibits include rare manuscripts, jewellery, pottery, and even dinosaur fossils. The museum also features relics from the Parthian and Silk Road eras, giving visitors a deep insight into the region’s rich past. If you want to explore tourist attractions in Turkmenistan that highlight its cultural heritage, this museum is a must-visit.
Location: Archabil Avenue, Ashgabat
Major Attraction: Ancient artifacts and Silk Road relics
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6. Kunya – Urgench
Photo: Roland Lin / wikimedia commons
Kunya – Urgench was a major Silk Road city and an important center of Islamic learning. Today, it is known for its beautifully preserved mausoleums, mosques, and minarets. The 60-meter-high Kutlug Timur Minaret is the tallest in Central Asia. This site was once a center of trade and culture, connecting Persia, China, and Europe. If you enjoy exploring ancient cities, this is one of the best places to visit in Turkmenistan.
Location: Dashoguz Region, Turkmenistan
Major Attraction: Kutlug Timur Minaret
7. Merv
Photo: Ministry of Culture, Turkmenistan / wikimedia commons
Merv is one of the oldest and most historically significant Turkmenistan tourist places. It was once the largest city in the world during the 12th century. Today, visitors can explore its massive fortress walls, grand mausoleums, and ancient irrigation canals. The Sultan Sanjar Mausoleum is the most famous landmark here. The site offers a glimpse into a once-thriving civilization along the Silk Road.
Location: Near Mary, Turkmenistan
Major Attraction: Sultan Sanjar Mausoleum
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8. Arch Of Neutrality
Photo: John Pavelka / wikimedia commons
The Arch of Neutrality is one of the most iconic tourist attractions in Turkmenistan. This 75-meter-high monument, located in the heart of Ashgabat, was built to commemorate Turkmenistan’s policy of neutrality. The structure is topped with a golden statue of the country’s first president, Saparmurat Niyazov, which used to rotate with the sun. Visitors can take an elevator to an observation deck for stunning views of the city. The monument is especially beautiful when illuminated at night.
Location: Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Major Attraction: Golden statue of the first president
9. Yangykala Canyon
Photo: John Pavelka / wikimedia commons
Yangykala Canyon is one of the most stunning places to visit in Turkmenistan. Often called the “Grand Canyon of Central Asia,” its vibrant rock formations create a breathtaking landscape. The canyon’s cliffs display layers of red, pink, orange, and yellow limestone, shaped by wind and time. The best time to visit is at sunset when the colors appear even more vivid. The area is remote, making it a peaceful retreat for nature lovers and photographers. It is an ideal spot for hiking and camping.
Location: Balkan Region, Turkmenistan
Major Attraction: Colorful limestone formations
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10. Ashgabat City
Photo: John Pavelka / wikimedia commons
Ashgabat, the capital of Turkmenistan, is known for its futuristic architecture and extravagant monuments. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest concentration of white marble buildings. The city is filled with fountains, golden statues, and modern structures that reflect Turkmenistan’s national identity. At night, LED lights illuminate the streets, creating a magical atmosphere. It is one of the most fascinating Turkmenistan tourist places, offering a mix of history, culture and luxury. Visitors can explore its parks, museums, and historical landmarks.
Location: Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Major Attraction: Presidential Palace
11. Kow Ata Underground Lake
Photo: flydime / Wikimedia Commons
Kow Ata Underground Lake is one of the unique places to visit in Turkmenistan. The lake is located deep in the ground, for which you need to climb down to reach. The lake water is known for its therapeutic water temperature. It is one of the best things to do in Turkmenistan for an adventurous experience. It is located inside the Bakharden Cave. This geothermal lake is 60 meters underground and stretches 250 meters in length. You can also enjoy the scenic surroundings and relax in the calm and serene atmosphere of the place.
Address: Akdepe, Turkmenistan
Major Attractions: Unique Adventure Experience, peaceful atmosphere
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12. Ertugrul Gazi Mosque
Photo: Muhammed Zahid Bulut / Unsplash / Image For Representation Only
The Ertugrul Gazi Mosque is one of the wonders in Turkmenistan. It is inspired by the famous Istanbul’s Blue Mosque, this striking structure features four tall minarets and an elegant central dome. It is one of Turkmenistan’s historical sites for its Ottoman architecture and interior beauty, intricate Islamic calligraphy, patterned tiles, and crystal chandeliers. It is one of the photogenic spots in the country. It also symbolises strong cultural ties between Turkmenistan and Turkey, and is often used for major public religious events
Address: Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Major Attractions: Architectural marvel, photogenic site
13. Repetek Nature Reserve
Photo: Veronika Biró / Unsplash / Image For Representation Only
The Repetek Nature Reserve is one of the oldest reserves in Central Asia. It protects the unique flora and fauna of the harsh Karakum Desert environment. It is one of the best places to visit in Turkmenistan; it is the home to desert-dwelling species like goitered gazelles, monitor lizards, and various reptiles and birds adapted to arid climates. The reserve hosts ecological research stations and provides insights into desert survival and biodiversity. On the Turkmenistan Travel Guide, it is one of the top places to visit to understand the ecology and biodiversity of this desert area.
Address: Karaul-Kuyu, Turkmenistan
Major Attractions: Stunning Desert Landscapes and wildlife spotting
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14. Geok-Tepe Fortress and Mosque
Photo: ZEKERIYA SEN / Unsplash / Image For Representation Only
The Geok-Tepe Fortress and Mosque is one of the best places to visit in Turkmenistan. It is known for its complex history and the site of the 1881 battle where Turkmen forces resisted Russian imperial expansion; a symbol of national pride and resistance. The Mosque here is is testament to the vibrant architecture and magnificent interiors with turquoise domes. The mosque complex includes displays and memorials that tell the story of the battle and the Turkmen’s bravery. Undoubtedly one of the best Turkmenistan historical sites.
Address: Geok Tepe, Turkmenistan
Major Attractions: Heritage and Legacy, and a historical battlefield
Turkmenistan is full of wonders, from ancient ruins to modern marvels. Whether you love history, nature, or culture, there are many places to visit in Turkmenistan. The burning Darvaza Gas Crater, the ancient city of Merv, and the white marble capital, Ashgabat, are just a few highlights. If you want to explore Turkmenistan tourist places, this guide gives you the perfect list. Each place offers a glimpse into the country’s past and present. Plan your trip with TripXL and discover the hidden beauty of this unique Central Asian nation.
Cover Photo: Hans Birger Nilsen / wikimedia commons
